Phrasebook

en big – small   »   ru Большой / -ая – маленький / -ая

68 [sixty-eight]

big – small

big – small

68 [шестьдесят восемь]

68 [shestʹdesyat vosemʹ]

Большой / -ая – маленький / -ая

[Bolʹshoy / -aya – malenʹkiy / -aya]

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big and small Бо----- / --- и м-------- / --я Большой / -ая и маленький / -ая Б------ / -а- и м-------- / -а- Бо----- / --- и м-------- / --я Б-л-ш-й / -а- и м-л-н-к-й / -а- -------------------------------
B------- / -a-- i m-------- / -a-- Bo------ / ---- i m-------- / ---a Bolʹshoy / -aya i malenʹkiy / -aya B-l-s-o- / -a-a i m-l-n-k-y / -a-a ----------------------------------
The elephant is big. Сл-- б------. Слон большой. С--- б------. Сл-- б------. С-о- б-л-ш-й. -------------
S--- b-------. Sl-- b-------. Slon bolʹshoy. S-o- b-l-s-o-. --------------
The mouse is small. Мы-- м--------. Мышь маленькая. М--- м--------. Мы-- м--------. М-ш- м-л-н-к-я. ---------------
M---- m---------. My--- m---------. Myshʹ malenʹkaya. M-s-ʹ m-l-n-k-y-. -----------------
dark and bright Тё---- / --- и с------ / --я Тёмный / -ая и светлый / -ая Т----- / -а- и с------ / -а- Тё---- / --- и с------ / --я Т-м-ы- / -а- и с-е-л-й / -а- ----------------------------
T----- / -a-- i s------ / -a-- Të---- / ---- i s------ / ---a Tëmnyy / -aya i svetlyy / -aya T-m-y- / -a-a i s-e-l-y / -a-a ------------------------------
The night is dark. Но-- т-----. Ночь тёмная. Н--- т-----. Но-- т-----. Н-ч- т-м-а-. ------------
N---- t------. No--- t------. Nochʹ tëmnaya. N-c-ʹ t-m-a-a. --------------
The day is bright. Де-- с------. День светлый. Д--- с------. Де-- с------. Д-н- с-е-л-й. -------------
D--- s------. De-- s------. Denʹ svetlyy. D-n- s-e-l-y. -------------
old and young Ст---- / --- и м------ / --я Старый / -ая и молодой / -ая С----- / -а- и м------ / -а- Ст---- / --- и м------ / --я С-а-ы- / -а- и м-л-д-й / -а- ----------------------------
S----- / -a-- i m------ / -a-- St---- / ---- i m------ / ---a Staryy / -aya i molodoy / -aya S-a-y- / -a-a i m-l-d-y / -a-a ------------------------------
Our grandfather is very old. На- д------ о---- с-----. Наш дедушка очень старый. Н-- д------ о---- с-----. На- д------ о---- с-----. Н-ш д-д-ш-а о-е-ь с-а-ы-. -------------------------
N--- d------- o----- s-----. Na-- d------- o----- s-----. Nash dedushka ochenʹ staryy. N-s- d-d-s-k- o-h-n- s-a-y-. ----------------------------
70 years ago he was still young. 70 л-- н---- о- е-- б-- м------. 70 лет назад он ещё был молодым. 70 л-- н---- о- е-- б-- м------. 70 л-- н---- о- е-- б-- м------. 70 л-т н-з-д о- е-ё б-л м-л-д-м. -0------------------------------
70 l-- n---- o- y------ b-- m------. 70 l-- n---- o- y------ b-- m------. 70 let nazad on yeshchë byl molodym. 70 l-t n-z-d o- y-s-c-ë b-l m-l-d-m. -0----------------------------------
beautiful and ugly Кр------ / --- и у-------- / --я Красивый / -ая и уродливый / -ая К------- / -а- и у-------- / -а- Кр------ / --- и у-------- / --я К-а-и-ы- / -а- и у-о-л-в-й / -а- --------------------------------
K------- / -a-- i u-------- / -a-- Kr------ / ---- i u-------- / ---a Krasivyy / -aya i urodlivyy / -aya K-a-i-y- / -a-a i u-o-l-v-y / -a-a ----------------------------------
The butterfly is beautiful. Ба----- к-------. Бабочка красивая. Б------ к-------. Ба----- к-------. Б-б-ч-а к-а-и-а-. -----------------
B------- k--------. Ba------ k--------. Babochka krasivaya. B-b-c-k- k-a-i-a-a. -------------------
The spider is ugly. Па-- у--------. Паук уродливый. П--- у--------. Па-- у--------. П-у- у-о-л-в-й. ---------------
P--- u--------. Pa-- u--------. Pauk urodlivyy. P-u- u-o-l-v-y. ---------------
fat and thin То----- / --- и х---- / --я Толстый / -ая и худой / -ая Т------ / -а- и х---- / -а- То----- / --- и х---- / --я Т-л-т-й / -а- и х-д-й / -а- ---------------------------
T------ / -a-- i k----- / -a-- To----- / ---- i k----- / ---a Tolstyy / -aya i khudoy / -aya T-l-t-y / -a-a i k-u-o- / -a-a ------------------------------
A woman who weighs a hundred kilos is fat. Же------ в------ 100 к----------- т------. Женщина, весящая 100 килограммов, толстая. Ж------, в------ 100 к----------, т------. Же------ в------ 100 к----------- т------. Ж-н-и-а, в-с-щ-я 100 к-л-г-а-м-в, т-л-т-я. ------------------00----------------------
Z----------, v----------- 100 k----------, t-------. Zh---------- v----------- 100 k----------- t-------. Zhenshchina, vesyashchaya 100 kilogrammov, tolstaya. Z-e-s-c-i-a, v-s-a-h-h-y- 100 k-l-g-a-m-v, t-l-t-y-. ---------------------------00-----------------------
A man who weighs fifty kilos is thin. Му------ в------ 50 к----------- х----. Мужчина, весящий 50 килограммов, худой. М------, в------ 50 к----------, х----. Му------ в------ 50 к----------- х----. М-ж-и-а, в-с-щ-й 50 к-л-г-а-м-в, х-д-й. ------------------0--------------------
M--------, v---------- 50 k----------, k-----. Mu-------- v---------- 50 k----------- k-----. Muzhchina, vesyashchiy 50 kilogrammov, khudoy. M-z-c-i-a, v-s-a-h-h-y 50 k-l-g-a-m-v, k-u-o-. ------------------------0---------------------
expensive and cheap До----- / --- и д------ / --я Дорогой / -ая и дёшевый / -ая Д------ / -а- и д------ / -а- До----- / --- и д------ / --я Д-р-г-й / -а- и д-ш-в-й / -а- -----------------------------
D------ / -a-- i d------- / -a-- Do----- / ---- i d------- / ---a Dorogoy / -aya i dëshevyy / -aya D-r-g-y / -a-a i d-s-e-y- / -a-a --------------------------------
The car is expensive. Ма---- д------. Машина дорогая. М----- д------. Ма---- д------. М-ш-н- д-р-г-я. ---------------
M------ d-------. Ma----- d-------. Mashina dorogaya. M-s-i-a d-r-g-y-. -----------------
The newspaper is cheap. Га---- д------. Газета дешёвая. Г----- д------. Га---- д------. Г-з-т- д-ш-в-я. ---------------
G----- d--------. Ga---- d--------. Gazeta deshëvaya. G-z-t- d-s-ë-a-a. -----------------

Code-switching

More and more people are growing up bilingual. They can speak more than one language. Many of these people often switch languages. They decide which language to use depending on the situation. For example, they speak a different language at work than at home. By doing so, they adapt themselves to their environment. But there is also the possibility of switching languages spontaneously. This phenomenon is called code-switching . In code-switching, the language gets switched in the middle of speaking. There could be many reasons why speakers switch languages. Often, they don't find the appropriate word in one language. They can express themselves better in the other language. It can also be that the speaker feels more confident in one of the languages. They use this language for private or personal things. Sometimes a certain word doesn't exist in a language. In this case the speaker must switch languages. Or they switch languages so that they aren't understood. In that case code-switching works like a secret language. Earlier, mixing languages was criticized. It was thought that the speaker couldn't speak either language correctly. Today it is viewed differently. Code-switching is recognized as a special linguistic competence. It can be interesting to observe speakers using code-switching. Often, they don't just switch the language they're speaking. Other communicative elements change as well. Many speak faster, louder or more accentuated in the other language. Or they suddenly use more gestures and facial expressions. In this way, code-switching is always a little bit of culture-switching too…