Phrasebook

en big – small   »   ps big – small

68 [sixty-eight]

big – small

big – small

68 [ اته شپیته ]

68 [ اته شپیته ]

big – small

[لوی - کوچنی]

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big and small aaaaa ل---او ک---ی ل-- ا- ک---- ل-ی ا- ک-چ-ی ------------ لوی او کوچنی 0
لوی--و ---نی ل-- ا- ک---- ل-ی ا- ک-چ-ی ------------ لوی او کوچنی
The elephant is big. aaaaa ہ-ت-ی---- دی. ہ---- ل-- د-- ہ-ت-ی ل-ی د-. ------------- ہاتھی لوی دی. 0
ā-- lo- -y ā-- l-- d- ā-y l-y d- ---------- āty loy dy
The mouse is small. aaaaa مو-ک کوچن---ی. م--- ک---- د-- م-ږ- ک-چ-ی د-. -------------- موږک کوچنی دی. 0
م-ږ--ک--نی---. م--- ک---- د-- م-ږ- ک-چ-ی د-. -------------- موږک کوچنی دی.
dark and bright aaaaa ت---ه -----ا ت---- ا- ر-- ت-ا-ه ا- ر-ا ------------ تیاره او رڼا 0
ت-ا-ه--- --ا ت---- ا- ر-- ت-ا-ه ا- ر-ا ------------ تیاره او رڼا
The night is dark. aaaaa شپه--یا-- -ه. ش-- ت---- د-- ش-ه ت-ا-ه د-. ------------- شپه تیاره ده. 0
ش-- ت---ه ده. ش-- ت---- د-- ش-ه ت-ا-ه د-. ------------- شپه تیاره ده.
The day is bright. aaaaa و-ځ -و---- د-. و-- ر----- د-- و-ځ ر-ښ-ن- د-. -------------- ورځ روښانه ده. 0
و-----ښا-ه---. و-- ر----- د-- و-ځ ر-ښ-ن- د-. -------------- ورځ روښانه ده.
old and young aaaaa ز------ځوان ز-- ا- ځ--- ز-ړ ا- ځ-ا- ----------- زوړ او ځوان 0
ز-- -----ان ز-- ا- ځ--- ز-ړ ا- ځ-ا- ----------- زوړ او ځوان
Our grandfather is very old. aaaaa زمو- ن--ه--یر-زو- --. ز--- ن--- ډ-- ز-- د-- ز-و- ن-ک- ډ-ر ز-ړ د-. --------------------- زموږ نیکه ډیر زوړ دی. 0
ز-------ه-ډیر ز-----. ز--- ن--- ډ-- ز-- د-- ز-و- ن-ک- ډ-ر ز-ړ د-. --------------------- زموږ نیکه ډیر زوړ دی.
70 years ago he was still young. aaaaa ۷۰ -ا-- --ان-ې هغه-ل- ------. ۷- ک--- و----- ه-- ل- ځ--- و- ۷- ک-ل- و-ا-د- ه-ه ل- ځ-ا- و- ----------------------------- ۷۰ کاله وړاندې هغه لا ځوان و. 0
۷۰---ل- و--ندې--غه ل- ---ن-و. ۷- ک--- و----- ه-- ل- ځ--- و- ۷- ک-ل- و-ا-د- ه-ه ل- ځ-ا- و- ----------------------------- ۷۰ کاله وړاندې هغه لا ځوان و.
beautiful and ugly aaaaa ښ-ل---و بد--ګه ښ--- ا- ب----- ښ-ل- ا- ب-ر-ګ- -------------- ښکلی او بدرنګه 0
ښکل- ا- ----ګه ښ--- ا- ب----- ښ-ل- ا- ب-ر-ګ- -------------- ښکلی او بدرنګه
The butterfly is beautiful. aaaaa تیتل- ښک-ی --. ت---- ښ--- د-- ت-ت-ی ښ-ل- د-. -------------- تیتلی ښکلی دی. 0
تی--- -کل- -ی. ت---- ښ--- د-- ت-ت-ی ښ-ل- د-. -------------- تیتلی ښکلی دی.
The spider is ugly. aaaaa سپ-ره--در-ګ- --. س---- ب----- د-- س-ی-ه ب-ر-ګ- د-. ---------------- سپیره بدرنګه ده. 0
س---- -د-ن-- د-. س---- ب----- د-- س-ی-ه ب-ر-ګ- د-. ---------------- سپیره بدرنګه ده.
fat and thin aaaaa غ------رۍ غ- ا- ن-- غ- ا- ن-ۍ --------- غټ او نرۍ 0
ǧṯ āo--r-y ǧ- ā- n--- ǧ- ā- n-ê- ---------- ǧṯ āo nrêy
A woman who weighs a hundred kilos is fat. aaaaa ښځه -ې --- یې 1-- ---و ګرامه --,--ټه -ي. ښ-- چ- و-- ی- 1-- ک--- ګ---- و-- غ-- و-- ښ-ه چ- و-ن ی- 1-0 ک-ل- ګ-ا-ه و-, غ-ه و-. ---------------------------------------- ښځه چې وزن یې 100 کیلو ګرامه وي, غټه وي. 0
ǩd-a--ê-o-n-yê--0- -ylo-g------êy--ṯ- -êy ǩ--- ç- o-- y- 1-- k--- g---- o-- ǧ-- o-- ǩ-z- ç- o-n y- 1-0 k-l- g-ā-a o-y ǧ-a o-y ----------------------------------------- ǩdza çê ozn yê 100 kylo grāma oêy ǧṯa oêy
A man who weighs fifty kilos is thin. aaaaa د-5---و--- س-ی-ن-- -ي. د 5- پ---- س-- ن-- و-- د 5- پ-ن-ه س-ی ن-ۍ و-. ---------------------- د 50 پونډه سړی نرۍ وي. 0
d 50-p--ḏa--ṟ-----y-oêy d 5- p---- s-- n--- o-- d 5- p-n-a s-y n-ê- o-y ----------------------- d 50 ponḏa sṟy nrêy oêy
expensive and cheap aaaaa ګ-ان -و---ز-نه ګ--- ا- ا----- ګ-ا- ا- ا-ز-ن- -------------- ګران او ارزانه 0
ګران ----رزانه ګ--- ا- ا----- ګ-ا- ا- ا-ز-ن- -------------- ګران او ارزانه
The car is expensive. aaaaa م-ټ- -ر---دی. م--- ګ--- د-- م-ټ- ګ-ا- د-. ------------- موټر ګران دی. 0
مو-- -ران --. م--- ګ--- د-- م-ټ- ګ-ا- د-. ------------- موټر ګران دی.
The newspaper is cheap. aaaaa ور--اڼه-ار-ان---ه. و------ ا----- د-- و-ځ-ا-ه ا-ز-ن- د-. ------------------ ورځپاڼه ارزانه ده. 0
و-ځپ-ڼه-ا-زانه د-. و------ ا----- د-- و-ځ-ا-ه ا-ز-ن- د-. ------------------ ورځپاڼه ارزانه ده.

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Code-switching

More and more people are growing up bilingual. They can speak more than one language. Many of these people often switch languages. They decide which language to use depending on the situation. For example, they speak a different language at work than at home. By doing so, they adapt themselves to their environment. But there is also the possibility of switching languages spontaneously. This phenomenon is called code-switching . In code-switching, the language gets switched in the middle of speaking. There could be many reasons why speakers switch languages. Often, they don't find the appropriate word in one language. They can express themselves better in the other language. It can also be that the speaker feels more confident in one of the languages. They use this language for private or personal things. Sometimes a certain word doesn't exist in a language. In this case the speaker must switch languages. Or they switch languages so that they aren't understood. In that case code-switching works like a secret language. Earlier, mixing languages was criticized. It was thought that the speaker couldn't speak either language correctly. Today it is viewed differently. Code-switching is recognized as a special linguistic competence. It can be interesting to observe speakers using code-switching. Often, they don't just switch the language they're speaking. Other communicative elements change as well. Many speak faster, louder or more accentuated in the other language. Or they suddenly use more gestures and facial expressions. In this way, code-switching is always a little bit of culture-switching too…